Define your own error types for more specific error handling.
While throwing a generic `new Error()` is good, creating custom error classes provides a more structured and powerful way to handle different types of errors in your application. By extending the built-in `Error` class, you can create your own error types that represent specific failure scenarios, such as `ValidationError` or `ApiError`. To do this, you define a new class that `extends Error`. In its `constructor`, you should call `super()` with the error message to ensure the parent `Error` class is properly initialized. You can also add custom properties to your error class, such as an HTTP status code or an object containing validation details. The major benefit of custom errors is in the `catch` block. You can use the `instanceof` operator to check the type of the error and handle different errors in different ways. For example, you might log a `ValidationError` to the console and show a specific message to the user, while an `ApiError` might trigger a retry mechanism. This allows for more granular and organized error handling logic, making your application more robust and easier to maintain as it grows in complexity.