Inheritance

Inheritance allows creating new classes (child classes) that inherit attributes and methods from existing classes (parent classes). This promotes code reuse and establishes hierarchical relationships. The child class can add new attributes and methods, override inherited methods, or extend parent methods using super(). Python supports multiple inheritance (a class can inherit from multiple parents), though this should be used carefully due to potential complexity. The Method Resolution Order (MRO) determines the order in which base classes are searched when looking for a method. Inheritance represents an 'is-a' relationship (a Dog is an Animal). The isinstance() function checks if an object is an instance of a class or its subclasses, and issubclass() checks if a class is a subclass of another. Understanding inheritance is crucial for building extensible, organized class hierarchies and leveraging polymorphism. It allows you to create specialized versions of general classes without duplicating code.