ES6+

ES6 (officially ECMAScript 2015) was a major update to the JavaScript language that introduced a host of new features to make code more powerful, readable, and maintainable. These features are now the standard in modern development. `let` and `const` were introduced as new ways to declare variables, offering block-scoping which is more intuitive than the function-scoping of the older `var` keyword. `const` is used for variables that will not be reassigned, helping to prevent accidental changes. Arrow functions (`=>`) provide a more concise syntax for writing functions and lexically bind the `this` value, which solves a common source of bugs in traditional function expressions. Template literals (using backticks ``) allow for easy string interpolation and multi-line strings, making string construction much cleaner than traditional concatenation. Destructuring assignment is a powerful feature that allows you to unpack values from arrays or properties from objects into distinct variables. The spread (`...`) and rest (`...`) operators provide flexible ways to work with arrays and function arguments, allowing you to expand arrays into individual elements or gather multiple arguments into a single array. These features, along with others like default parameters and classes, form the bedrock of modern JavaScript development and are essential for working with any contemporary framework or library.