Branching

Branching is one of the most powerful and defining features of Git. A branch is essentially a movable pointer to a specific commit in your project's history. When you start a project, you begin on a default branch, which is typically named `main` or `master`. This branch represents the stable, production-ready version of your code. The real power of branching comes from creating new branches to work on features or bug fixes. When you create a new branch, you are creating a new pointer that starts at your current commit. This allows you to create an isolated environment for your work. You can make commits on this new feature branch without affecting the `main` branch. This is incredibly useful for several reasons. First, it keeps the `main` branch clean and deployable at all times. Second, it allows multiple developers to work on different features simultaneously without interfering with each other's code. For example, you might create a branch called `new-user-profile` to build a new feature. You can experiment, make mistakes, and commit your progress on this branch. Meanwhile, another developer could be working on a `bugfix-login-error` branch. Once your feature is complete and tested, you can then merge your `new-user-profile` branch back into the `main` branch, integrating your new code into the stable version of the project.